心肺复苏术

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

步骤1：判断与呼救

Step 1: Judge the condition and call for help

1、检查患者有无反应

1. Check the patient for signs of life

2、检查是否无呼吸（终末叹气应看做无呼吸)，并同时检查脉搏，5～10秒钟完成

2. Check whether the patient breathes (the life-end sigh cannot be regarded as breath), check the pulse at the same time, complete this in 5-10 seconds

3、确认患者意识丧失，立即呼叫，启动应急反应系统

3. If the patient is confirmed to have lost consciousness, call immediately and start the emergency response system

4、取得AED及急救设备（或请旁人帮忙获得）

4. Get AED and first aid equipment (or ask others to help get it)

步骤2：安置体位

Step 2: Take a body position

5、确保患者仰卧在坚固的平坦表面上

5. Ensure that the patient lies on his back on a solid flat surface

6、去枕，头、颈、躯干在同一轴线上,双手放于两侧，身体无扭曲

6. Remove the pillow, arrange the head, neck and torso on the same axis, put the hands on both sides, make sure the body is straight

步骤3：心脏按压

Step 3: Cardiac compression

7、在患者一侧,解开衣领、腰带，暴露患者胸腹部

7. Stand on one side of the patient, untie the collar and belt to expose the chest and abdomen

8、按压部位:患者胸部中央，胸骨下半部

8. Area of cardiac compression: the center of the patient's chest and the lower half of the sternum

9、按压方法:手掌根部重叠，手指翘起，两臂伸直，使双肩位于双手的正上方。垂直向下用力快速按压

9. Compression method: overlap the palm ends, tilt the fingers, straighten the arms, arrange the shoulders directly above both hands. Press downward quickly

10、按压深度:5～6cm；

10. Compression depth: 5-6 cm;;

11、按压速率:100～120次/min

11. Compression frequency: 100-120 times/min

12、胸廓回弹:每次按压后使胸廓充分回弹（按压时间:放松时间为1:1)，尽量不要按压中断，即中断时间控制在10s 内

12. Thoracic rebound: make the chest fully rebound after each compression (the ratio of compression time to releasing time is 1: 1), try not to interrupt compression, keep the interruption under 10 seconds

步骤4：开放气道

Step 4: Clean the airway

13、如有明确呼吸道分泌物，应当清理患者呼吸道，取下活动义齿

13. The patient's respiratory tract should be cleaned and the removable denture should be removed if the respiratory tract is confirmed to contain secretion

14、仰头提颌法（怀疑患者头部或颈部损伤时使用推举下法)，充分开放气道

14. Raise the head and lift the jaw (use the push method when the patient is suspected of head or neck injury) to fully clean the airway

步骤5：人工呼吸

Step 5: Artificial respiration

15、立即给予人工呼吸2次

15. Administer artificial respiration twice immediately

16、送气时捏住患者鼻子，呼气时松开，送气时间为1秒，见明显的胸廓隆起即可

16. Pinch the patient's nose when providing an air supply, release it when exhaling. The exhalation time is 1 second, or long enough to make the thorax heave

17、施以人工呼吸时应产生明显的胸廓隆起，避免过度通气,吹气同时，观察胸廓情况

17. Thorax heaving should be apparent when artificial respiration is administered, hyperventilation should be avoided, watch thoracic conditions when providing air supply

18、按压与人工呼吸之比:30:2，连续5个循环

18. The ratio of compression to artificial respiration is 30: 2; the two processes should take place 5 times

步骤6：判断复苏效果

Step 6: Determine the effect of resuscitation

19、操作5个循环后，判断并报告复苏效果

19. After the resuscitation process takes place 5 times, determine and report the effect of resuscitation

20、颈动脉恢复搏动、自主呼吸恢复、散大的瞳孔缩小，对光反射存在、收缩压大于60mmHg（体现测血压动作)

20. The carotid artery resumes pulsation, autonomous respiration recovers, the area of dilated pupils becomes smaller, light reflex occurs, systolic blood pressure is greater than 60mmHg (reflecting blood pressure measurement)

21、面色、口唇、甲床和皮肤色泽转红，昏迷变浅，出现反射、挣扎或躁动

21. The color of complexion, lips, nail bed and skin turns red, coma eases, reflex appears, the patient struggles or becomes agitated