反复唾液吞咽测试操作

Repeated Saliva Swallowing Test

被检查者采取坐位，或放松卧位，检查者将手指放在被检查者的喉结及舌骨处，让其尽量快速反复吞咽，观察30秒内喉结及舌骨随着吞咽运动越过手指，向前上方移动再复位的次数。当被检查者口腔干燥无法吞咽时，可在舌面上注入约1ml水后再让其吞咽。高龄患者做3次、中老年做5次即可。

With the examinee in either a seated or relaxed lying position, the examiner positions the finger on the prominentia laryngea and hyoid bone of the examinee. The examinee is then instructed to perform rapid consecutive swallows while the examiner counts the number of times the prominentia laryngea and hyoid bone move forward and upward, passing over the finger, within a duration of 30 seconds. When the examinee's mouth is dry and swallowing is difficult, approximately 1 ml of water can be administered onto the surface of the tongue and then the examinee is instructed to swallow. For elderly individuals, three repetitions are sufficient, while for middle-aged and older individuals, five repetitions are recommended.

结果判定：食指水平置于甲状软骨和舌骨之间，甲状软骨越过手指即为吞咽顺利越过，若无则为有吞咽障碍。对于不能配合的患者，可在口腔和咽部做冷按摩，观察吞咽情形和吞咽发生所需时间。若刺激吞咽反射引发部位至吞咽发生的时间为3秒以内，进行临床跟踪；3~5秒，进行饮水试验；5秒以上，可疑吞咽障碍；仅以此项就发生呛咳为有吞咽障碍。需进行下一步的评估。

Result judgment: Position the index finger horizontally between the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone to assess the smoothness of the swallowing process. If the thyroid cartilage passes over the finger during swallowing, it indicates an unobstructed swallowing process. Conversely, if the thyroid cartilage fails to pass over the finger, it indicates the presence of dysphagia. In cases where patient cooperation is limited, a cold massage can be administered in the oral cavity and pharynx to observe the swallowing process and the duration of swallowing. If the duration from stimulation of the site for swallowing reflex triggering to the occurrence of swallowing is within 3 seconds, clinical follow-up should be performed; water swallowing test should be performed within 3 to 5 seconds; and if the duration is more than 5 seconds, swallowing disorder is suspected. The presence of a choking cough when using this item alone is indicative of dysphagia.  Further evaluation is required.